Simon Likvermann, child wearing the star, 1942 - His mother, Frima Czipis, in the 1920s
Polish Jews with Belgian nationality, Frima Czipis and her two sons, Jacques, born in Liège in 1920, and Simon Likvermann, born in Brussels in 1935, were arrested at their home during Aktion Iltis, the last nighttime raid carried out in Belgium, and which was aimed at rounding up Jews with Belgian nationality. The main centre of operation was Brussels, where the family lived. On 4 September 1943, the day after theAktion, Frima Czipis, 42, Jacques, 23 and Simon, 8, were registered for deportation on Transport 22 B (Belgisch/Jews of Belgian nationality). Deported on 20 September, they disappeared at Auschwitz-Birkenau without a trace. Seventy-five percent of the women in this transport were executed immediately, leaving a mother, accompanied by a child of Simon’s age, would have had no chance of survival.
